Black crappies inhabit moderate to large streams, large river backwaters, and small to medium sized lakes. They prefer clear, calm, warm water with lots of vegetation. Full-grown black crappies continue to consume insect larvae, but minnows, small bluegill, and small yellow perch become their major prey. The silvery sides of the Black Crappie are marked with irregularly scattered black spots that don't form vertical bars.
White crappies can flourish in warmer, waters that have more silt than black crappies would like. They prefer areas with clear to turbid water and heavy structure. When living in river they prefer areas with slow or no current such as sloughs, backwaters, and oxbows.
The White Crappie is paler in color, with dark spots on the silver sides usually arranged in regular vertical bars.
The best way to distinguish the two species is to count the dorsal fin spines. White crappies typically have six, and Black Crappies usually have seven or eight.